Experimental Material Characterization for Mechanical Properties Validation for 304L Stainless Steel

Abstract

This graduate project presents an experimental characterization of the mechanical properties of aerospace-grade 304L stainless steel plate. Non-welded base-metal specimens and TIG-welded specimens were prepared and tested in accordance with ASTM E8 at room temperature and under simulated cryogenic conditions achieved through CO₂ cooling. The investigation focused on yield strength, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation, with particular attention to the effects of welding and low-temperature exposure. Austenitic stainless steels such as 304L are widely used in cryogenic applications because they retain excellent ductility at very low temperatures. The results obtained in the PUPR Materials Laboratory provide original laboratory data that support quality-assurance practices for safety-critical components such as cryogenic propellant tanks and hydraulic systems in aerospace systems.